July 2010

Water Bowl

Campaign Hat

United States Signal Corps

World War I

Acc # 78.719.5C

This hat was worn as part of a United States Signal Corps uniform for eight years during the World War I era. The Signal Corps was formed during the Civil War to provide for the rapid transmission of messages. It was a very diversified branch. Early military aircraft belonged to the Signal Corps until World War II. Enlisted men of the Signal Corps wore orange and white hat cords with acorn shaped ends.

The Campaign hat was introduced in 1872 to protect the wearer from sun, wind, and rain. In 1911 the Montana peak with its four indentations replaced the old version with a simple crease in the crown. Campaign hats were used by troops with various field uniforms until World War II. In the 1960s they began to be used by drill sergeants.

 

June 2010

Water Bowl

Blanket

Navajo Culture

75" x 50"

Acc # 76.897.3


The Navajo are an Athapascan-speaking people who migrated to the Southwest from the Northwest Coast region. They occupy the largest Indian reservation in the United States, in Northeast Arizona and Northwest New Mexico. Traditional Navajo weaving was largely influenced by the Pueblo Indians, from whom Navajo women may have learned the ancient craft. Later, it was also influenced through the introduction of domesticated sheep by the Spanish. Now it is often designed to appeal to modern collectors and tourists, although many artists choose to continue creating traditional designs.

This blanket, believed to be Navajo in origin, displays several of the principal designs. A square inside of another square is known as a dakha nahalinigi bealqiaza. A diamond within a diamond is called a beeditli nahalinigi bealqiaza, or slingshot-like figures within each other. Yistlin are small dots or freckles. A succession of small figures such as the pattern bordering the large central diamond is known as an Alqihadot’ezh. Delzha are battlement-like elevations.

 

May 2010

Water Bowl

Pre-Revival Lap Dulcimer

John Mawhee

1916

Cherry and apple wood

Acc # 91.121.A


The lap dulcimer, otherwise known as the Appalachian or mountain dulcimer, is actually a plucked zither rather than a true dulcimer. The strings are plucked with one hand while using either a stick, a quill, or the other hand to stop the strings.

John Mawhee made hand carved dulcimers, such as this one, as a hobby and gave them to friends. He referred to his dulcimers as “Indian walking canes” in honor of his Cherokee heritage and because of the instrument’s long, narrow shape. It is believed by music historian Gordon McCann that John Mawhee was one of the first to bring the lap dulcimer to the Ozarks region. As well as being an accomplished fiddle maker and player, Mawhee was also a private in the Third Regiment of the Indian Home Guard in Kansas. He spent his long evenings in camp making “walking canes” and entertaining his buddies, singing the old songs of home and family.

 

April 2010

Water Bowl

Colt Holster Model Paterson Revolver No. 5

c. 1838-40

36 caliber, 9” barrel

serial # 405

Acc # 2000.4.60


This percussion revolver, also known as the “Texas Paterson,” was the largest size of handgun produced at the Paterson factory. An estimated total of 1,000 Texas Model handguns were manufactured. It housed a folding trigger, often necessary if the wielder was wearing gloves. This revolver features a varnished walnut grip, an octagonal barrel, and a five-shot cylinder displaying a stagecoach holdup scene.

The five-shot Paterson revolver became synonymous with the Texas Rangers in 1844 after the battle of Walker Creek, near San Antonio. Eighty Comanches, who had previously used a strategy of drawing the fire of single-shot firearms, were overpowered by Captain Jack Hays and his fifteen Texas Rangers. They had obtained the revolvers from the decommissioned Republic of Texas Navy.

 

March 2010

Water Bowl

Large Shallow Bowl Basket

Apache culture

20th century

Willow or Cottonwood,
45 x 45 x 10 cm


Acc # 2006.6.3


The Apache are a large and diverse culture inhabiting much of the American Southwest. Their basketry design reflects many different styles, but they all retain a common solidity and strength.

The solid circle decoration in the center of this basket suggests that it might be Pima, but the symmetrically flat, round shape of the basket – and the fact that the Apache often borrowed ideas from their Pima neighbors – suggests more strongly that this basket is Apache. The Apache commonly made very wide, shallow baskets known as tsah (shallow tray) to shell seeds. Also supporting that this basket is Apache is its use of different natural tones of brown, which are derived from the use of different tones of wood, such as willow and cottonwood. The careful coiling of this basket and the geometric pattern, which covers the entire basket, are also Apache.

 

February 2010

Water Bowl

Water Bowl

Zuni culture, American Southwest

Late 19th century

Ceramic, 8” x 8” x 5”

Acc # 76.681.3


The bird on this ceramic bowl is known as the rain bird, the thunder bird, or the water bird, all of whom are believed to provide the Zuni with water. Because of this design, the bowl is identifiable as a water bowl. Other symbols on the bowl also suggest water, including the triangle designs, which are symbols for clouds. The stepped, double-triangle design symbolizes lightning, the double cloud, and the prayer for a cloudy day.

The Zuni people are unique in that their language does not fit into any grouping or classification. They are believed to be descendants of the Anasazi, and their pueblo was one of the legendary Seven Cities of Cibola searched for by Coronado. The Zuni people still reside in ancestral lands on their reservation in western New Mexico.

     
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